Effects of Information Providers, Channels and Types on the Adoption of Climate – Resilient Practices in Lesotho

Main Article Content

Oladimeji Oladele
Nthapeliseng Nthama

Abstrakt
This study examined the effects of information providers, channels and types on the adoption of climate-resilient practices in Lesotho, deviating from the usual separate analysis of the relationships between information provider, channels and types. Previous studies have generated only partial insights into the influence of different information variables on adoption behaviour, neglecting a holistic representation of the interactive effects of all dimensions of information and adoption. Using a sample of 1,659 farmers from the Bureau of Statistics (BOS) database on the 2019/2020 agricultural production survey, the data was analysed using frequency counts, percentages and Probit regression. The results show that the majority of the farmers are male (53%), less than 30 years of age (59%), possess an education level between High School form 1 to 5 (59%), have between 5 and 10 persons per household (50%) and rely on subsistence farming as their main source of income (36%). The extension services provided, as indicated by at least 90% of the farmers, include information on farm management, crop selection, input use, credit, farm machinery, livestock, crop protection, conservation, marketing, irrigation and nutrition. In contrast, the information received is more focused on marketing, livestock production, agronomic practices, irrigation and fisheries production. The major extension service providers and sources of information are public service providers and radio. Agricultural extension information providers, channels and types influence the adoption of climate-resilient practices. The study recommends that extension information providers, channels and types be matched to specific contexts for improved effectiveness.

Article Details

Jak cytować
Oladele, O., & Nthama, N. (2024). Effects of Information Providers, Channels and Types on the Adoption of Climate – Resilient Practices in Lesotho. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW W Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, 24(3), 37–53. https://doi.org/10.22630/PRS.2024.24.3.11
Bibliografia

Abu harb, S., Dayoub, M., Al-Najjar, K. (2024). The impact of agricultural extension program effectiveness on sustainable farming: A survey article. International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 20(2), 477-492.

Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) (2016). Africa agriculture status report. Retrieved from https://agra.org/aasr2016/public/assr.pdf.

Agwu, A.E., Suvedi, M., Chanza, C., Davis, K., Oywaya- Nkurumwa, A., Najjingo Mangheni, M., and Sasidhar, P.V.K. (2023). Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services in Nigeria, Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Kenya. Partnerships for Innovative Research in Africa (PIRA) Research Report. East Lansing, Michigan, USA: Alliance for African Partnership, Michigan State University.

Alidu, A.F., Man, N., Ramli, N.N., Haris, N.B.M., Alhassan, A. (2022). Smallholder farmers access to climate information and climate smart adaptation practices in the northern region of Ghana. Heliyon, 8(5). (Crossref)

Amah, D., Stuart, E., Mignouna, D., Swennen, R., Teeken, B. (2021). End‐user preferences for plantain food products in Nigeria and implications for genetic improvement. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 56(3), 1148-1159. (Crossref)

Anmol, R., Muhammad, I. (2021). Information Needs and Seeking Behavior of Faculty Members: A Case Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. Library Philosophy and Practice, 0_1-27.

Antwi-Agyei, P., Stringer, L.C. (2021). Improving the effectiveness of agricultural extension services in supporting farmers to adapt to climate change: Insights from northeastern Ghana. Climate Risk Management, 32, 100304. (Crossref)

Antwi-Agyei, P., Atta-Aidoo, J., Asare-Nuamah, P., Stringer, L.C., Antwi, K. (2023). Trade-offs, synergies and acceptability of climate smart agricultural practices by smallholder farmers in rural Ghana. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 21(1), 2193439. (Crossref)

Athira, G., Bahurudeen, A., Appari, S. (2019). Sustainable alternatives to carbon intensive paddy field burning in India: A framework for cleaner production in agriculture, energy, and construction industries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 236, 117598. (Crossref)

Ayenan, M.A.T., Aglinglo, L.A., Zohoungbogbo, H.P.F., N’Danikou, S., Honfoga, J., Dinssa, F.F., Hanson, P., Afari-Sefa, V. (2021) Seed Systems of Traditional African Vegetables in Eastern Africa: A Systematic Review. Front. Sustain. Food Syst., 5:689909. doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.689909 (Crossref)

Blazquez-Soriano, A., Ramos-Sandoval, R. (2022). Information transfer as a tool to improve the resilience of farmers against the effects of climate change: the case of the Peruvian National Agrarian Innovation System. Agricultural Systems, 200, 103431. (Crossref)

Branca, G., Cacchiarelli, L., Haug, R., Sorrentino, A. (2022). Promoting sustainable change of smallholders’ agriculture in Africa: Policy and institutional implications from a socio-economic cross-country comparative analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 358, 131949. (Crossref)

Brhane, G., Mammo, Y., Negusse, G. (2017). Sources of information and information seeking behavior of smallholder farmers of Tanqa Abergelle Wereda, central zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Extension & Rural Development, 9 (4), 47-52. https://doi.org/10.5897/JAERD2016.0850 (Crossref)

Chaudhuri, B., Kendall, L. (2021). Collaboration without consensus: Building resilience in sustainable agriculture through ICTs. The Information Society, 37(1), 1-19. (Crossref)

Chen, Y., Lu, Y. (2020). Factors influencing the information needs and information access channels of farmers: An empirical study in Guangdong, China. Journal of Information Science, 46(1), 3-22. (Crossref)

CIMMYT (2023). Accelerating delivery of stress-tolerant, nutritious seed in Eastern and Southern Africa. Retrieved from https://www.cimmyt.org/news/accelerating-delivery-of-stress-tolerant-nutritious-seed-in-eastern-and-southern-africa/.

Colussi, J., Morgan, E.L., Schnitkey, G.D., Padula, A.D. (2022). How communication affects the adoption of digital technologies in soybean production: A survey in Brazil. Agriculture, 12(5), 611. (Crossref)

Das, B., Van Deventer, F., Wessels, A., Mudenda, G., Key, G., Ristanovic, D. (2019). Role and challenges of the private seed sector in developing and disseminating climate-smart crop varieties in eastern and Southern Africa. In T.S. Rosenstock, A. Nowak, E. Girvetz (Eds.) The climate-smart agriculture papers: Investigating the business of a productive, resilient and low emission future (pp. 67-78). Springer. (Crossref)

Davis, K.E., Terblanche, S.E. (2016). Challenges facing the agricultural extension landscape in South Africa, Quo Vadis? South African Journal of Agricultural Extension, 44(2), 231-247. (Crossref)

Dhehibi, B., Dhraief, M.Z., Ruediger, U., Frija, A., Werner, J., Straussberger, L., Rischkowsky, B. (2022). Impact of improved agricultural extension approaches on technology adoption: Evidence from a randomised controlled trial in rural Tunisia. Experimental Agriculture, 58, Article e13. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479722000084. (Crossref)

Diemer, M.A., Pinedo, A., Bañales, J., Mathews, C.J., Frisby, M.B., Harris, E.M., McAlister, S. (2021). Recentering action in critical consciousness. Child Development Perspectives, 15(1), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12393. (Crossref)

Djido, A., Zougmore, R.B., Houessionon, P., Ouedraogo, M., Ouedraogo, I., Diouf, N.S. (2021). To what extent do weather and climate information services drive the adoption of climate-smart agriculture practices in Ghana? Climate Risk Management, 32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2021.100309. (Crossref)

Dougill, A.J., Hermans, T.D., Eze, S., Antwi-Agyei, P., Sallu, S.M. (2021). Evaluating climate-smart agriculture as route to building climate resilience in African food systems. Sustainability, 13(17), 9909. (Crossref)

Duong, T.T., Brewer, T., Luck, J., Zander, K. (2019). A global review of farmers’ perceptions of agricultural risks and risk management strategies. Agriculture, 9(1), 10.A Global Review of Farmers’ Perceptions of Agricultural Risks and Risk Management Strategies. Agriculture, 9(1), 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9010010. (Crossref)

Elia, E. (2017). Farmers’ awareness and understanding of climate change and variability in central semi-arid Tanzania. University of Dar es Salaam Library Journal, 12(2), 124-138.

Fadairo, O., Williams, P.A., Nalwanga, F.S. (2020). Perceived livelihood impacts and adaptation of vegetable farmers to climate variability and change in selected sites from Ghana, Uganda and Nigeria. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22, 6831-6849. (Crossref)

Fidelugwuowo, U.B., Omekwu, C.O. (2023). A survey of information on adoption and continued use of agricultural technology innovations among smallholder crop farmers in Benue state Nigeria. Information Development, 02666669231196852. (Crossref)

García-Jiménez, C.I., Velandia, M., Lambert, D.M., Mishra, A.K. (2022). Information sources impact on the adoption of precision technology by cotton producers in the United States. Agrociencia https://doi.org/10.47163/ agrociencia.v56i1.2688. (Crossref)

Gujarati, D.N. (2004). Basic Econometrics (4th ed). McGraw‐Hill.

Harvey, C.A., Rakotobe, Z.L., Rao, N.S., Dave, R., Razafimahatratra, H., Rabarijohn, R.H., MacKinnon, J.L. (2014). Extreme vulnerability of smallholder farmers to agricultural risks and climate change in Madagascar. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 369(1639), 20130089. (Crossref)

Heeks, R., Ospina, A.V. (2019). Conceptualising the link between information systems and resilience: A developing country field study. Information Systems Journal, 29(1), 70-96. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12177 (Crossref)

IPCC (2021). Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 3-32, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.001. (Crossref)

Jena, P.R., Tanti, P.C., Maharjan, K.L. (2023). Determinants of adoption of climate resilient practices and their impact on yield and household income. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 14, 100659. (Crossref)

Kamwamba-Mtethiwa, J., Wiyo, K., Knox, J., Weatherhead, K. (2021). Diffusion of small-scale pumped irrigation technologies and their association with farmer-led irrigation development in Malawi. Water International, 46(3), 397-416. (Crossref)

Kansiime, M.K., Macharia, M., Adraki, P.K., Obeng, F., Njunge, R. (2021). Agricultural knowledge and information flows within smallholder farming households in Ghana: Intra-household study. CABI Working Paper. https://dx.doi.org/10.1079/CABICOMM-62-8150. (Crossref)

Kassie, M., Teklewold, H., Jaleta, M., Marenya, P., Erenstein, O. (2015). Understanding the adoption of a portfolio of sustainable intensification practices in eastern Eastern and southern Southern Africa. Land Use Policy, 42, 400-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.08.016. (Crossref)

Kelil, A., Girma, Y., Hiruy, M. (2020). Access and use of agricultural information in Africa: Conceptual review. Information and Knowledge Management, 10(7). https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/IKM/article/ viewFile/54406/56218

Kimenye, L.N., McEwan, M. (2014). Scaling up dissemination and adoption of agricultural technologies using innovation platforms-Lessons from Eastern and Central Africa. International Potato Center.

Komarek, A.M., De Pinto, A., Smith, V.H. (2020). A review of types of risks in agriculture: What we know and what we need to know. Agricultural Systems, 178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2019.102738. (Crossref)

Kondo, K., Cacho, O., Fleming, E., Villano, R.A., Asante, B.O. (2020). Dissemination strategies and the adoption of improved agricultural technologies: The case of improved cassava varieties in Ghana. Technology in Society, 63, 101408. (Crossref)

Korell, L., Auge, H., Chase, J.M., Harpole, S., Knight, T.M. (2020). We need more realistic climate change experiments for understanding ecosystems of the future. Global Change Biology, 26(2), 325-327. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14797. (Crossref)

Kumar, A., Takeshima, H., Thapa, G., Adhikari, N., Saroj, S., Karkee, M., Joshi, P.K. (2020). Adoption and diffusion of improved technologies and production practices in agriculture: Insights from a donor-led intervention in Nepal. Land Use Policy, 95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104621 (Crossref)

Kwapong, N., Ankrah, D.A., Boateng-Gyambiby, D., Asenso-Agyemang, J., Oteng Fening, L. (2020). Assessment of Agricultural Advisory Messages from Farmer-to-Farmer in Making a Case for Scaling Up Production: A Qualitative Study. The Qualitative Report, 25(8), 2011-2025. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2020.4241 (Crossref)

Lepheana, R.J., Oguttu, J.W., Qekwana, D.N., Duesbery, N.S. (2018). Temporal patterns of anthrax outbreaks among livestock in Lesotho, 2005-2016. Public Library of Science ONE, 13(10), e0204758. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204758. (Crossref)

Loki, O., Mudhara, M., Pakela-Jezile, Y. (2020). Factors influencing farmers’ use of different extension services in the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa. South African Journal of Agricultural Extension, 48(1), 84-98. https://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3221/2020/v48n1a528. (Crossref)

Lv, X., Li, J., Cai, Y. (2024). Impact of different information sources on farmers’ adoption of organic fertilisers: The case of Funing watermelon farmers in China. Information Development, 02666669231225946. (Crossref)

Magesa, M.M., Jonathan, J., Urassa, J.K. (2024). Assessing prevalence of misperceptions in agricultural activities of smallholder farmers in Tanzania. Information Development, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/02666669241232423. (Crossref)

Masephula, L., Olorunfemi, O.D. (2023). Correlates of smallholder poultry farmers’ extension and marketing information needs: Evidence from north-eastern South Africa. Information Development, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/02666669221148694. (Crossref)

Mbatha, M. (2024). The Provision of Agricultural Extension Services to Rural Farmers as a Strategy to Improve Agricultural Practices in South Africa. South African Journal of Agricultural Extension (SAJAE), 52(1), 1 19. https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3221/2024/v52n1a12717. (Crossref)

McKune, S., Poulsen, L., Russo, S., Devereux, T., Faas, S., McOmber, C., Ryley, T. (2018). Reaching the end goal: Do interventions to improve climate information services lead to greater food security? Climate Risk Management, 22, 22-41. (Crossref)

Mofya-Mukuka, R., Hichaambwa, M. (2018). Livelihood effects of crop diversification: a A panel data analysis of rural farm households in Zambia. Food Security, 10(6), 1449-1462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-018-0872-6. (Crossref)

Mottaleb, K.A., Rejesus, R.M., Murty, M.V.R., Mohanty, S., Li, T. (2017). Benefits of the development and dissemination of climate-smart rice: Ex ante impact assessment of drought-tolerant rice in South Asia. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 22, 879-901. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-016-9705-0. (Crossref)

Mulema, J., Mugambi, I., Kansiime, M., Chan, H.T., Chimalizeni, M., Pham, T.X., Oduor, G. (2021). Barriers and opportunities for the youth engagement in agribusiness: empirical Empirical evidence from Zambia and Vietnam. Development in Practice, 31(5), 690-706. https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2021.1911949. (Crossref)

Mulwa, C., Marenya, P., Rahut, D.B., Kassie, M. (2017). Response to climate risks among smallholder farmers in Malawi: A multivariate probit assessment of the role of information, household demographics, and farm characteristics. Climate Risk Management, 16, 208-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2017.01.002. (Crossref)

Myeni, L., Moeletsi, M.E. (2020). Factors determining the adoption of strategies used by smallholder farmers to cope with climate variability in the Eastern Free State, South Africa. Agriculture, 10(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10090410. (Crossref)

Nagler, J. (1994). Scobit: An alternative estimator to logit and probit. American Journal of Political Science, 38(1), 230-255. https://doi.org/10.2307/2111343. (Crossref)

Naveed, M.A., Hassan, A. (2021). Sustaining agriculture with information: an assessment of rural Citrus farmers’ information behaviour. Information Development, 37(3), 496-510. (Crossref)

Ncube, B. L., Wynberg, R and McGuire, S. (2023) Comparing the contribution of formal and local seed systems to household seed security in eastern Zimbabwe. Front. Sustain. Food Syst., 7, 1243722. doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1243722. (Crossref)

Nthama, N., Oladele, O.I. (2024). Effects of Radio-Based Extension Services on farmers’ Adoption of Organo-Mineral Fertilizers, Biofertilizers, and Manure in Lesotho. Journal of Radio & Audio Media, 1-17. (Crossref)

Nwafor, C., Nwafor, I. (2022). Communication networks used by smallholder livestock farmers during disease outbreaks: Case study in the free state, South Africa. Open Agriculture, 7(1), 808-819. https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0119. (Crossref)

Nyang’au, J.O., Mohamed, J.H., Mango, N., Makate, C., Wangeci, A.N. (2021). Smallholder farmers’ perception of climate change and adoption of climate smart agriculture practices in Masaba South Sub-county, Kisii, Kenya. Heliyon, 7(4). (Crossref)

Odongo, H.J., Opio, A., Mwesigye, A., Bariyo, R. (2023). Contribution of Pluralistic Agriculture Extension Service Provision to Smallholder Farmer Resilience. Journal of Sustainable Development, 16(6), 1-79. (Crossref)

Ogundeji, A.A., Donkor, E., Motsoari, C., Onakuse, S. (2018). Impact of access to credit on farm income: Policy implications for rural agricultural development in Lesotho. Agrekon, 57(2), 152-166. (Crossref)

Oladele, O., Gitika, M., Ngari, F., Shimeles, A., Mamo, G., Aregawi, F., Braimoh, A.K., Olorunfemi, O.D. (2019). Adoption of agro-weather information sources for climate smart agriculture among farmers in Embu and Ada’a districts of Kenya and Ethiopia. Information Development, 35(4), 639-654. https:// doi.org/10.1177/0266666918779639. (Crossref)

Ponce, C. (2020). Intra-seasonal climate variability and crop diversification strategies in the Peruvian Andes: A word of caution on the sustainability of adaptation to climate change. World Development, 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104740. (Crossref)

Rahman, T., Ara, S., Khan, N.A. (2020). Agro-information service and information-seeking behaviour of small-scale farmers in rural Bangladesh. Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development, 30(1-2), 175-194. (Crossref)

Rantlo, M., Nyanguru, K., Muroyiwa, B. (2021). Determinants of Formal and Informal Markets Choice among Smallholder Farmers in Berea and Maseru Tomato Markets. African Journal of Business & Economic Research, 16(3). (Crossref)

Rantšo, T.A., Seboka, M. (2019). Agriculture and food security in Lesotho: Government sponsored block farming programme in the Berea, Leribe and Maseru Districts. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 5(1), 1657300. (Crossref)

Rapholo, M.T., Diko Makia, L. (2020). Are smallholder farmers’ perceptions of climate variability supported by climatological evidence? Case study of a semi-arid region in South Africa. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 12(5), 571-585. (Crossref)

Rejesus, R.M., Aglasan, S., Knight, L.G., Cavigelli, M.A., Dell, C.J., Lane, E.D., Hollinger, D.Y. (2021). Economic dimensions of soil health practices that sequester carbon: Promising research directions. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 76(3), 55A-60A. https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2021.0324A. (Crossref)

Rogers, E.M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York: Free Press.

Sahu, S., Bishnoi, S., Sharma, P.R., Satyapriya, Mahra, G.S., Burman, R.R., Barua, S., M. Madhavan, M.M., Sangeetha, V., Sinha, S.K., Singh, R., Wason, M., Joshi, P., Sharma, S. (2024). Exploring popular information sources and determinants of farmers’ access to agricultural extension services in the Indo-Gangetic plains. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 8, 1339243. (Crossref)

Seko, Q.A., Jongrungrot, V. (2022). Economic modelling and simulation analysis of maize-based smallholder farming systems in the Senqu River Valley agroecological zone, Lesotho. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 8(1), 2086287. (Crossref)

Serote, B., Mokgehle, S., Senyolo, G., du Plooy, C., Hlophe-Ginindza, S., Mpandeli, S., Nhamo, L., Araya, H. (2023). Exploring the barriers to the adoption of Climate-Smart Irrigation Technologies for sustainable crop productivity by smallholder farmers: Evidence from South Africa. Agriculture, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020246. (Crossref)

Simelton, E., Quinn, C.H., Batisani, N., Dougill, A.J., Dyer, J.C., Fraser, E.D., Mkwambisi, D., Sallu, S., Stringer, L.C. (2013). Is rainfall really changing? Farmers’ perceptions, meteorological data, and policy implications. Climate and Development, 5(2), 123-138. (Crossref)

Skaalsveen, K., Ingram, J., Urquhart, J. (2020). The role of farmers’ social networks in the implementation of no-till farming practices. Agricultural Systems, 181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102824 (Crossref)

Walsh, A., Koppula, S., Antao, V., Bethune, C., Cameron, S., Cavett, T., Dove, M. (2018). Preparing teachers for competency-based medical education: Fundamental teaching activities. Medical Teacher, 40(1), 80-85. (Crossref)

Yegbemey, R.N., Egah, J. (2021). Reaching out to smallholder farmers in developing countries with climate services: A literature review of current information delivery channels. Climate Services, 23, 100253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2021.100253 (Crossref)

Zilberman, D., Lipper, L., McCarthy, N., Gordon, B. (2018). Innovation in response to climate change (pp. 49-74). [In:] Climate smart agriculture: building resilience to climate change. FAO UN. (Crossref)

Statystyki

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.